| Species/Subspecies: | Vibrio parahaemolyticus | ||||||||
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| Categories: | Zoonotic; motile; notifiable diseases and bacteria | ||||||||
| Etymology: | Genus name: The vibrating organism Species epithet: blood disolving | ||||||||
| Significance: | [Important] | ||||||||
| Taxonomy: | Class Gammaproteobacteria Order Vibrionales Family Vibrionaceae Genus Vibrio |
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| Type Strain: | ATCC 17802 = CCUG 4224, 14474 and 15657 = NCTC 10903. | ||||||||
| Macromorphology (smell): | |||||||||
| Micromorphology: | Motile and curved rod (0.5-0.8 x 1.4-2.6 µm) with one polar flagellum. | ||||||||
| Gram +/Gram -: | G- | ||||||||
| Metabolism: | Fakultatively anaerobic | ||||||||
| Catalase/Oxidase: | ?/+ | ||||||||
| Other Enzymes: | Tryptophanase + (=indole +) | ||||||||
| Biochemical Tests: | Citrate +, Voges-Proskauer - | ||||||||
| Fermentation of carbohydrates: | D-glucose + lactose - maltose + L-rhamnose - sucrose - L-arabinose (+) cellobiose - D-mannitol (+) salicin - trehalose + glycerol ? inulin ? raffinose - D-sorbitol - starch ? |
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| Spec. Char.: | Halophilic. Can grow in up to 8% NaCl. | ||||||||
| Special Media: | |||||||||
| Reservoir: | Tempererate seawater. Crustacean and fish. | ||||||||
| Disease: | Has reported to cause red leg disease in black tiger shrimps. Human gastrointestinal illness (gastroenteritis). |
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| Hosts: | Man, crustacean and fish | ||||||||
| Clinical Picture: | Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fever and headache | ||||||||
| Virulence Factors: | The genome carries a pathogenicity island (PAI) in the second chromosome. This PAI contains a type III secretion system (T3SS), which can inject virulence proteins into the host cells to disturb the host cell functions and may cause cell death by apoptosis. | ||||||||
| Genome Sequence: |
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| 16S rRNA Seq.: |
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| Taxonomy/phylogeny:
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About 120 species within genus Vibrio have been described. Members of this genus are closely related to members within the genera Aliivibrio and Listonella. | ||||||||
| Legislation: | Human infections of V. parahaemolyticus are according to the Swedish communicable disease act notifiable to the county medical officer and the Public Health Agency of Sweden. V. parahaemolyticus belongs to category B as a potential bioterrorism agent according to NIAID. V. parahaemolyticus is a zoonotic pathogen. | ||||||||
| Comment: | Source of infection: raw (or inadequately cooked) seafood | ||||||||
| Updated: | 2023-03-29 |