Species/Subspecies: | Streptococcus pneumoniae | ||||||||
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Categories: | Causes hemolysis; primarily of interest in human medicin | ||||||||
Etymology: | Genus name: twisted (like a chain) coccus (coccus means a grain or a berry and referrs to any spherical microorganism) Species epithet: of pneumonia | ||||||||
Significance: | [Important] | ||||||||
Taxonomy: | Class Bacilli Order Lactobacillales Family Streptococcaceae Genus Streptococcus |
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Type Strain: | ATCC 33400 = CCUG 28588 = NCTC 7465. | ||||||||
Macromorphology (smell): | Small colonies (0.5-1 mm in diameter) after incubation for 24 h at 37°C on blood agar. Strong alpha-hemolysis (greenish) on blood agar under aerobic cultivation. | ||||||||
Micromorphology: | Nonmotile cocci (0.5-1.25 microns in diameter) in pairs or in short chains. | ||||||||
Gram +/Gram -: | G+ | ||||||||
Metabolism: | Facultatively anaerobic | ||||||||
Catalase/Oxidase: | -/ | ||||||||
Other Enzymes: | Esculinase v, hippuricase -, urease - | ||||||||
Biochemical Tests: | Voges-Proskauer - | ||||||||
Fermentation of carbohydrates: | D-glucose + lactose + maltose + L-rhamnose ? sucrose + L-arabinose + cellobiose ? D-mannitol v salicin v trehalose v glycerol + inulin + raffinose + D-sorbitol - starch v |
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Spec. Char.: | Can grow from 25°C to 42°C. S. pneumoniae can form polysaccharide capsules of about 100 different serotypes. | ||||||||
Disease: | Septicaemia, pneumonia, meningitis |
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Hosts: | Man, primates and rodents | ||||||||
Clinical Picture: | |||||||||
Virulence Factors: | Invasins (pneumolysin), capsule, etc. | ||||||||
Genome Sequence: |
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16S rRNA Seq.: |
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Taxonomy/phylogeny:
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About 100 species have been described within the genus Streptococcus. Many species within the genus Enterococcus have earlier been classified as streptococci and, thus, they are closely related. | ||||||||
Comment: | Belongs to Lancefield's group NG (= non-groupable) streptcocci. | ||||||||
Updated: | 2023-03-08 |
News |
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New names of bacterial phyla![]() The taxonomic category phylum was previously not regulated by the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP), but now this has changed and it was decided to revise the names of bacterial phyla. All phyla must be written in italics (which has been done on VetBact also before) and have the ending -ota. Published 2023-03-01. Read more... |
The taxonomy of chlamydias Species within the family Chlamydiaceae were previously divided into two genera Chlamydia and Chlamydophila. However, the differences between these two genera were not that great and many research groups have not accepted this division. Therefore, the genus Chlamydophila has been returned to the genus Chlamydia and this change has now been incorporated in VetBact Published 2023-03-15. Read more... |