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Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

Veterinary bacteriology: information about important bacteria
Veterinary bacteriology


Species/Subspecies: Streptococcus pneumoniae
Categories: Causes hemolysis; primarily of interest in human medicin
Etymology: Genus name: twisted (like a chain) coccus (coccus means a grain or a berry and referrs to any spherical microorganism)
Species epithet: of pneumonia
Significance:  [Important]   
Taxonomy:
Phylum
Bacillota
Class
Bacilli
Order
Lactobacillales
Family
Streptococcaceae 
Genus
Streptococcus
Type Strain: ATCC 33400 = CCUG 28588 = NCTC 7465.
Macromorphology (smell): Small colonies (0.5-1 mm in diameter) after incubation for 24 h at 37°C on blood agar. Strong alpha-hemolysis (greenish) on blood agar under aerobic cultivation.
Micromorphology: Nonmotile cocci (0.5-1.25 microns in diameter) in pairs or in short chains.
Gram +/Gram -:G+
Metabolism: Facultatively anaerobic
Catalase/Oxidase:-/
Other Enzymes: Esculinase v, hippuricase -, urease -
Biochemical Tests: Voges-Proskauer -
Fermentation of carbohydrates:
D-glucose
+
lactose
+
maltose
+
L-rhamnose
?
sucrose
+
L-arabinose
+
cellobiose
?
D-mannitol
v
salicin
v
trehalose
v
glycerol
+
inulin
+
raffinose
+
D-sorbitol
-
starch
v
Other carbohydrates: amygdalin -, ribose -
Spec. Char.: Can grow from 25°C to 42°C.
S. pneumoniae can form polysaccharide capsules of about 100 different serotypes.
Disease:Septicaemia, pneumonia, meningitis
Hosts: Man, primates and rodents
Clinical Picture:
Virulence Factors: Invasins (pneumolysin), capsule, etc.
Genome Sequence:
Acc-noStrainSize (bp)Genome
NC_008533 D39 2 046 115 1c + 0 

16S rRNA Seq.:
Acc-noStrainNumber of NTOperon
AF003930 (T) 1515 

Taxonomy/phylogeny:
 
About 100 species have been described within the genus Streptococcus. Many species within the genus Enterococcus have earlier been classified as streptococci and, thus, they are closely related.
Comment:Belongs to Lancefield's group NG (= non-groupable) streptcocci.
Updated:2023-03-08

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New names of bacterial phyla

The taxonomic category phylum was previously not regulated by the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP), but now this has changed and it was decided to revise the names of bacterial phyla. All phyla must be written in italics (which has been done on VetBact also before) and have the ending -ota.

Published 2023-03-01. Read more...
The taxonomy of chlamydias

Species within the family Chlamydiaceae were previously divided into two genera Chlamydia and Chlamydophila. However, the differences between these two genera were not that great and many research groups have not accepted this division. Therefore, the genus Chlamydophila has been returned to the genus Chlamydia and this change has now been incorporated in VetBact

Published 2023-03-15. Read more...

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