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Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

Veterinary bacteriology: information about important bacteria
Veterinary bacteriology


Species/Subspecies: Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Categories: Zoonotic; motile; notifiable diseases and bacteria
Etymology: Genus name: The vibrating organism
Species epithet: blood disolving
Significance:  [Important]   
Taxonomy:
Phylum
Pseudomonadota
Class
Gammaproteobacteria
Order
Vibrionales
Family
Vibrionaceae 
Genus
Vibrio
Type Strain: ATCC 17802 = CCUG 4224, 14474 and 15657 = NCTC 10903.
Macromorphology (smell):
Micromorphology: Motile and curved rod (0.5-0.8 x 1.4-2.6 µm) with one polar flagellum.
Gram +/Gram -:G-
Metabolism: Fakultatively anaerobic
Catalase/Oxidase:?/+
Other Enzymes: Tryptophanase + (=indole +)
Biochemical Tests: Citrate +, Voges-Proskauer -
Fermentation of carbohydrates:
D-glucose
+
lactose
-
maltose
+
L-rhamnose
-
sucrose
-
L-arabinose
(+)
cellobiose
-
D-mannitol
(+)
salicin
-
trehalose
+
glycerol
?
inulin
?
raffinose
-
D-sorbitol
-
starch
?
Glucose (gas) -
Spec. Char.: Halophilic. Can grow in up to 8% NaCl.
Special Media:
Reservoir: Tempererate seawater. Crustacean and fish.
Disease:Has reported to cause red leg disease in black tiger shrimps. Human gastrointestinal illness (gastroenteritis).
Hosts: Man, crustacean and fish
Clinical Picture: Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fever and headache
Virulence Factors: The genome carries a pathogenicity island (PAI) in the second chromosome. This PAI contains a type III secretion system (T3SS), which can inject virulence proteins into the host cells to disturb the host cell functions and may cause cell death by apoptosis.
Genome Sequence:
Acc-noStrainSize (bp)Genome
NC_004605 and NC_004603 RIMD 2210633 5 165 800 2c + 0 
Chrom. I (3 288 558 bp) and chrom. II (1 877 212 bp), respectively.

16S rRNA Seq.:
Acc-noStrainNumber of NTOperon
X74720 (T) 1471 11 
Ten rRNA operons on chrom. I and one on chrom. II.

Taxonomy/phylogeny:
Vibrio parahaemolyticus  
About 120 species within genus Vibrio have been described. Members of this genus are closely related to members within the genera Aliivibrio and Listonella.
Legislation: Human infections of V. parahaemolyticus are according to the Swedish communicable disease act notifiable to the county medical officer and the Public Health Agency of Sweden. V. parahaemolyticus belongs to category B as a potential bioterrorism agent according to NIAID. V. parahaemolyticus is a zoonotic pathogen.
Comment:Source of infection: raw (or inadequately cooked) seafood
Updated:2023-03-29

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